My current research focuses on clinical pharmacology with an emphasis on breast cancer and endocrine therapies used to treat and prevent breast cancer. Recently, we have been identifying genes in breast cancer cells that mediate the effects of antiestrogens and retinoids and future experiments are designed to determine their usefulness as tools for optimizing the use of these drugs in patients. Furthermore, we are studying the cytochrome P450 enzymes and how they are involved in the metabolism of therapeutic drugs. Currently, we are focusing on the pharmcogenetic aspects of these drugs/genes and how they might be useful in the overall utilization of these therapies.